12A and 80G Registration plays an important role in the financial and tax compliance of charitable trusts, societies, NGOs and Section 8 Companies operating in India. These registrations help eligible non-profit organisations claim income tax exemptions and encourage individuals and businesses to support charitable activities through tax-deductible donations.
An organisation may work towards providing education to underprivileged children, organising medical camps, supporting animal welfare, protecting the environment or helping economically weaker communities. However, establishing an NGO does not automatically provide income tax exemption. To obtain the relevant benefits, the organisation must comply with the applicable Income Tax provisions and complete the required registration process.
The 12A and 80G Registration Process Online involves determining eligibility, preparing constitutional and financial documents, selecting the correct application form and submitting the application through the Income Tax e-Filing Portal. An important development took place on 1 April 2026, when the Income-tax Act, 2025 came into effect. Although the expressions 12A Registration and 80G Registration continue to be commonly used, fresh applications are now governed by the corresponding provisions of the new legislation.
12A Registration is the commonly used term for the tax registration of eligible charitable and religious organisations under the earlier Income-tax Act, 1961. Previously, Sections 12A, 12AA and 12AB governed various registration requirements for charitable institutions. Under the Income-tax Act, 2025, corresponding registration provisions are contained in Section 332. The primary purpose of registration is to enable eligible non-profit organisations to claim tax benefits on qualifying income, subject to compliance with the prescribed statutory requirements.
For example, consider a charitable trust that receives donations for providing free educational materials to children from economically weaker families. If it holds valid registration and uses its income according to the applicable charitable tax provisions, it may qualify for exemption on eligible income. However, obtaining registration does not mean every financial receipt automatically becomes exempt from tax. The organisation must follow the relevant provisions concerning charitable activities, income application, accumulation, accounting and financial reporting.
80G Registration refers to the approval that allows eligible donors to claim income tax deductions on qualifying donations made to approved charitable organisations. Under the earlier legislation, these benefits were governed by Section 80G. Under the Income-tax Act, 2025, Section 354 deals with approval of eligible institutions, while Section 133 covers the corresponding deduction provisions.
For example, an individual who donates Rs.20,000 through a bank transfer to an approved charitable NGO may qualify for a deduction of Rs.10,000 under the ordinary 50% deduction category, subject to the prescribed income limits and tax regime. The main distinction is that 12A-related registration supports tax exemption for the organisation, whereas 80G-related approval provides eligible tax deduction benefits to donors.
Income Tax Exemption: Eligible NGOs can claim income tax exemption on qualifying income used for charitable or religious purposes. This allows organisations to utilise more financial resources for their approved activities, subject to applicable tax conditions.
Tax Benefits for Donors: Donors contributing to an approved organisation may claim income tax deductions under the applicable provisions. These benefits encourage individuals and businesses to financially support eligible charitable institutions.
Increased Donor Confidence: Valid tax registration helps establish an organisation's credibility among donors and institutional supporters. Maintaining transparent financial records and complying with tax requirements can further strengthen public confidence.
Better Fundraising Opportunities: Organisations holding appropriate tax registrations may attract more support from individuals, businesses and philanthropic institutions. Many contributors prefer donating to NGOs that maintain valid approvals and proper financial documentation.
CSR Funding Support: Eligible NGOs with the required tax registrations may qualify to act as CSR implementing agencies, subject to additional conditions. Applicable CSR requirements, including CSR-1 registration, must also be fulfilled where required.
Better Long-Term Financial Planning: Income tax exemptions can help qualifying organisations allocate additional resources towards charitable programmes and operational needs. Proper financial planning also supports the continuity of social welfare projects and activities.
The following organisations may apply for 12A and 80G Registration, subject to the applicable income tax requirements.
Public Charitable Trusts: Trusts established for recognised charitable purposes may apply for registration. Their trust deed, objectives and activities must meet the eligibility requirements.
Registered Societies: Societies registered under the applicable central or state laws may qualify for registration. Their activities must support their stated charitable objectives.
Section 8 Companies: A Section 8 company registered under the Companies Act, 2013 may apply if it operates for eligible non-profit purposes and follows income tax rules.
Other Eligible Non-Profit Institutions: Other recognised non-profit institutions may also qualify based on their legal structure, charitable objectives and activities.
Genuine Charitable or Religious Objectives: The organisation must have genuine charitable or religious objectives, and its activities should match those objectives.
Proper Constitutional Documents: Valid documents such as a trust deed, memorandum or society bylaws must clearly explain the organisation's purpose and structure.
Maintenance of Financial Records: NGOs must maintain proper records of income, donations and expenses to support financial transparency and compliance.
Application of Income for Eligible Purposes: Income must be used for approved charitable or religious purposes. Any accumulation must follow applicable tax rules.
Restrictions on Private Benefits: Charitable funds must not be used to provide prohibited personal benefits to trustees, founders or other specified persons.
Compliance with Reporting Requirements: Organisations must follow applicable income tax filing, audit and reporting requirements to maintain their tax benefits.
Organisations applying for 12A and 80G Registration must submit documents to establish their legal identity, charitable objectives and financial activities. The exact requirements depend on the type of NGO and its registration status.
The commonly required documents include:
PAN Card: PAN of the trust, society, Section 8 company or other eligible organisation.
Registration Certificate: Certificate confirming the legal registration or incorporation of the organisation.
Trust Deed, MOA, AOA or Bylaws: Documents explaining the organisation's objectives, management and permitted activities.
Trustee or Director Details: Required identity, address and designation details of trustees, directors or governing body members.
Registered Office Address Proof: Valid document confirming the organisation's registered office or principal place of operation.
Charitable Activity Details: Information about projects, programmes and charitable activities undertaken by the NGO.
Previous Income Details: Income information for the applicable preceding tax years, wherever required.
Financial Statements and Audit Reports: Financial statements, audit reports and income tax returns, where applicable.
Bank Account Details: Relevant bank account information and statements supporting financial records.
Previous Registration Certificates: Existing or earlier income tax registration orders and identification numbers, if available.
Project and Donation Records: Reports and supporting documents showing charitable activities, donations and expenditure.
Newly established NGOs that have not started operations may have fewer financial documents to submit. Established organisations may need to provide additional financial and activity records. The final document checklist depends on the application category and the requirements of the Income Tax Department.
The 12A and 80G Registration Process Online is completed through the official Income Tax e-Filing Portal. NGOs, charitable trusts, societies, and Section 8 companies must select the correct application form and submit accurate details about their organisation.
Under the Income-tax Act, 2025, effective from 1 April 2026, Form 104 is used for eligible provisional registration or approval, while Form 105 is used for regular registration, renewal, conversion, and other applicable cases. These forms replace the earlier Form 10A and Form 10AB for new applications governed by the revised law.
The organisation must first check whether it qualifies for registration or approval under the applicable income-tax provisions. It should review its legal status, charitable objectives, activities, and existing registration details. This helps determine whether it needs provisional registration, regular registration, renewal, or conversion from provisional to regular registration.
Collect all required documents before starting the application. These may include the organisation's PAN, trust deed, Memorandum of Association, registration certificate, financial statements, activity reports, and earlier registration orders. Check that the name, address, PAN, and other details match across the documents to avoid mistakes during filing.
Visit the official Income Tax e-Filing Portal and log in using the organisation's PAN and registered password. After logging in, open the e-File section and select Income Tax Forms. Ensure that the organisation's profile, contact information, and authorised signatory details are correct before continuing.
Choose Form 104 or Form 105 based on the organisation's registration needs. Form 104 generally applies to eligible organisations seeking provisional registration or approval. Form 105 is used for regular registration, renewal, conversion, and other prescribed cases. Select the correct tax year and relevant legal provision, as choosing the wrong category may cause problems with the application.
Enter the organisation's basic information, including its legal name, PAN, address, date of establishment, and registration details. Provide information about its charitable objectives, activities, management, financial records, and earlier approvals wherever required. Review each section carefully and ensure that the information matches the supporting documents.
Upload the supporting documents requested in the selected form. Make sure the files are clear, complete, and in the format accepted by the portal. Before submitting, check the entered information, attachments, and declarations. Complete the application using the applicable electronic verification method, such as a registered Digital Signature Certificate.
For applications requiring detailed examination, the Income Tax Department may ask for additional documents or clarification about the organisation's activities, financial records, or charitable objectives. Applicants should regularly check the portal for notices and respond within the prescribed time. Complete and timely replies can help avoid unnecessary delays or rejection.
After submission and processing, the Income Tax Department issues the relevant order. Under the revised process, provisional registration or approval is generally issued in Form 106, while regular registration or approval is communicated through Form 107.
Once the application is approved, the organisation should download the order and check its Unique Registration Number (URN), validity period, and applicable conditions. The approval documents should be kept safely for future tax compliance, donations, and renewal requirements.
The cost and processing time for 12A and 80G registration depend on the type of application, the organisation's documents, and the Income Tax Department's verification process. NGOs, trusts, societies, and Section 8 companies should check the applicable requirements before applying.
Government Fees: No separate government application fee is generally charged for filing Form 104 or Form 105.
Professional Fees: Charges depend on document preparation, application filing, and professional assistance.
Additional Costs: Expenses may arise if documents need correction or additional professional work is required.
Provisional Registration: The department generally has one month from the end of the application month to issue its order.
Regular Registration: The department generally has six months from the end of the quarter in which the application is received to issue its order.
Application Delays: Missing documents, incorrect details, or departmental queries may affect the process.
Registration Validity: Provisional registration is generally valid for three tax years or until six months after activities begin, whichever is earlier.
12A and 80G registrations are granted for specific periods. The validity depends on the type of registration and the applicable income tax provisions.
|
Registration Type |
Validity |
|
Provisional Registration or Approval |
3 tax years |
|
Regular Registration or Approval |
Generally 5 tax years |
|
Extended Validity in Specified Cases |
10 tax years, subject to conditions |
Ten-year validity may apply to certain eligible previously registered or approved organisations that meet the prescribed income conditions. The actual validity period should always be checked in the registration order.
Organisations must apply for renewal within the prescribed deadline to maintain their registration benefits. The renewal process requires reviewing the existing approval, preparing updated documents and submitting the appropriate application.
Before applying, NGOs should complete the following checks:
Timely renewal helps protect the organisation's tax exemption and the deduction benefits available to eligible donors.
After obtaining 12A and 80G Registration, NGOs, trusts, societies, and Section 8 companies must follow the applicable Income Tax rules to maintain their tax benefits. Proper recordkeeping, timely filing, and genuine charitable activities are important for keeping the registration valid.
Maintain Proper Accounts: Keep accurate records of income, donations, and expenses.
File Annual ITR: Submit the applicable income tax return within the prescribed deadline.
Submit Audit Report: Complete the required tax audit and reporting, where applicable.
Issue Donation Certificates: Provide Form 10BE to eligible donors as required.
File Donation Statements: Submit Form 10BD within the prescribed timeline.
Use Funds Properly: Spend charitable funds according to applicable income tax rules.
Renew Registration: Apply for renewal before the registration expires.
Report Important Changes: Follow the required procedure when the NGO's objectives or activities change.
Compliance Calendar LLP provides professional assistance for 12A and 80G Registration in India, helping charitable trusts, societies, Section 8 companies and other eligible NGOs complete the registration process efficiently. Our experienced team assists with eligibility assessment, document preparation, verification and online application filing through the Income Tax portal. We focus on ensuring accurate documentation, identifying the appropriate registration category and minimising errors that may lead to unnecessary delays or departmental queries.
At Compliance Calendar LLP, we understand the importance of tax exemptions and donor benefits for non-profit organisations. Our services extend beyond initial registration to include assistance with departmental notices, registration renewal, donation reporting and ongoing income tax compliance. With a client-focused approach and professional guidance, we help NGOs manage their regulatory obligations, maintain compliance and concentrate on achieving their charitable and social welfare objectives.
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Ans. The names are still popular, but the legal sections are now 332, 354 and 133, and applications use Forms 104 and 105.
Ans. Form 104 is for provisional registration by organisations never registered and yet to start activities. Form 105 is for regular registration, conversion from provisional, renewals and certain transitional cases.
Ans. Yes. If it has not started activities, it applies in Form 104. If it has already started, it applies in Form 105.
Ans.Log in to the Income Tax e-Filing portal, open Forms as per Income Tax Act, 2025, select Form 104 or 105 with the right section code, upload documents and e-verify.
Ans.They are usually sought in the same form, with different section codes. Each is decided on its own conditions, so one can be granted and the other refused.
Ans.Typically PAN, registration certificate, trust deed or MoA, trustee or director details, address proof, financials, activity details and earlier orders, if any.
Ans.We are not aware of a separate government filing fee for the usual online applications. Professional fees depend on your documents and the complexity of the case.
Ans.It varies by application category, completeness of documents and departmental examination. Provide complete, consistent records to avoid delays.
Ans.Provisional registration runs for three tax years. Regular registration runs for five, or ten in specified cases (income up to Rs.5 crore in each of the two preceding years and earlier registration). Check your Form 107.
Ans.A late application that is not condoned can lead to tax on accreted income under Section 352. File within the deadline for your case.
Ans.It is the order that grants, refuses or cancels registration or approval. It states the validity period.
Ans.Yes. Eligible public charitable trusts, societies and Section 8 companies can apply if their objects and operations meet the conditions. Incorporation alone does not give tax exemption.
Ans.It depends. Restrictions on religious spending and community-specific benefit can mean a religious trust qualifies for exemption without qualifying for donor approval.
Ans.Yes, if the organisation does not meet the eligibility conditions or cannot establish genuine activities and compliance.
Ans.Yes, subject to other laws. Those donations just won’t give donors the deduction.
Ans.Some specified funds qualify for 100%, while ordinary donations to approved charities are generally 50%, often with a qualifying limit.
Ans.No. Individuals who opt for the new regime generally cannot claim it.
Ans.Form 113 is the donation statement filed by the NGO before 31 May after the tax year. Form 114 is the certificate issued to donors. They replace Forms 10BD and 10BE.
Ans.It may continue under the transition rules, but it may also have become inoperative on the regime switch under Section 333. Check its status and file Form 105 if needed.
Ans.Exemption and donor deductions can be affected. Depending on the case you may need to apply again and deal with the tax consequences, so renew on time.